Western Xia Imperial Tombs

Background

The Western Xia dynasty (1038–1227) was founded by the Tangut people; its first emperor was Li Yuanhao. The site comprises 9 imperial tombs, 271 attendant tombs, building remains in the north and 32 flood-control works, and more than 7,100 artefacts have been unearthed, including a gilt bronze ox and glazed chiwei roof ornaments. The first archaeological excavation took place in 1972, and in 1988 the site was listed as a Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level; on 11 July 2025, at the 47th session of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee in Paris, it was inscribed on the World Heritage List (criteria ii and iii). Western Xia created its own writing system, the Tangut script, which is important background for understanding the site and the museum exhibitions.

Local customs

Visit the tomb ruins, see the exhibitions at the Western Xia Mausoleum Museum, and look out over the burial mounds spread across the eastern foot of the Helan Mountains.

Travel tips

• The site lies in open country at the eastern foot of the Helan Mountains, and the summer sun is strong, so bring plenty of water and sun protection
• the ruins cover a large area, so allow half a day. It is about 30–40 km from downtown Yinchuan
• you are advised to drive, hire a car or use scenic-area transport. Ticket prices are as officially published.
• Spring and autumn have pleasant weather and are the best times to visit
• in summer protect yourself from sun and heat
• in winter the Helan Mountains area is windy and cold.