Pamukkale and Hierapolis

Background

Thermal water rich in calcium carbonate flows down the hillside, depositing tier upon tier of white travertine pools that look like cotton from afar — hence the name 'Pamukkale', 'cotton castle'. On top of the hill, Hierapolis was a Roman spa city founded in the 2nd century BC, with a well-preserved theatre, a necropolis street and Roman baths. The tradition of 'bathing for health' continues from Roman times. Pamukkale and Hierapolis became a World Heritage Site together in 1988.

Local customs

• Locals see Pamukkale as a health resort and often come at weekends to soak in the springs
• the Denizli area is known for textiles, and towels are a typical souvenir.

Religion & beliefs

• The Martyrium of St Philip on the site is an early Christian monument
• nearby residents are mainly Muslim, with no special religious taboos — ordinary respect is all that's needed.

Rules that apply here

Travel tips

• The terraces are most beautiful at sunset, so go in the afternoon
• in summer the water is pleasant but UV is strong, so bring plenty of sun protection. Hierapolis is large — allow at least half a day
• the 'Cleopatra Pool' lets you pay to swim among ancient Roman columns. The site has upper and lower entrances, and planning your route saves energy.